Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) uses various frequencies for different applications. Here is a list of RFID frequency bands commonly used globally:
Low Frequency (LF)
- 125 kHz to 134 kHz
- Commonly used for animal tracking, access control, and anti-theft systems.
- 125 kHz is a widely used frequency for passive RFID systems.
High Frequency (HF)
- 13.56 MHz
- Used for smart cards, library book tracking, and proximity cards.
- This frequency is standardized by ISO/IEC 14443 and ISO/IEC 15693.
Ultra-High Frequency (UHF)
- 860 MHz to 960 MHz
- Widely used for supply chain management, asset tracking, and inventory control.
- This band is regulated differently in various regions:
- North America: 902 MHz to 928 MHz
- Europe: 865 MHz to 868 MHz
- Japan: 952 MHz to 955 MHz (now moved to 916.8 to 923.4 MHz)
- Compliant with EPCglobal Gen2 (ISO 18000-6C) standards.
Microwave Frequency
- 2.4 GHz
- Used for specialized applications requiring higher data transfer rates.
- 5.8 GHz
- Less commonly used but available for certain high-speed data transfer applications.
Specific Use Cases and Standards
- Animal Tracking: 134.2 kHz (ISO 11784/11785)
- Contactless Payment and Ticketing: 13.56 MHz (ISO/IEC 14443)
- Electronic Toll Collection: 860 MHz to 960 MHz (EPCglobal Gen2)