In this post we will provide an overview of how to detect drones cost-effectively. Detecting drones involves various technologies and methods, each suited for different scenarios.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Radio Frequency (RF) Detection
Most drones communicate with their controllers via RF signals. RF detectors can identify these communications, pinpointing both the drone and the pilot’s location.
RF signals that are used for drone communication can be in the 915 MHz, 2450 MHz or other frequency band. An instrument called a spectrum analyzer is required for this.
Here’s an example of an inexpensive spectrum analyzer that can detect signals in those frequencies.
The challenge is in being able to tell that it’s a drone and not something else that’s communicating.
Radar Detection
Radar systems are effective at detecting drones, especially those with larger metallic components. Radar can provide real-time information on the drone’s location and trajectory.
You can build your own Radar with Software-defined Radio as explained in the video below.
Although they use the ADRV9361-Z7035 which is quite expensive, the author states that you can also use the ADALM Pluto SDR
Acoustic Detection
Using microphones, this method detects drones by their unique sound signatures. It’s most effective in quieter environments and doesn’t work very well in noisy environments.
Optical Detection
Cameras, especially those with infrared or night vision capabilities, can visually detect drones. This method can be combined with image analysis software for better accuracy.
Thermal Detection
Thermal cameras detect the heat emitted by drones, which can be particularly useful at night or in areas with visual obstructions. The camera shown below has a range of 1,180 m/yd.
Summary
Implementing a combination of these methods will enhance the likelihood of detecting drones effectively, catering to different environmental conditions and drone types.